Togo_+anniemcglaughlin

TOGO
Togo also known as The Toganlese Republic is a small country in West Africa. It borders the Gulf of Guinea to the center of West Africa southern coast. It is very long and narrow and stretches inland for nearly 375 miles and has a maximum width of 75 miles. To be put in more simpler terms, it is a bit smaller than the state West Virginia. Although many different languages are spoken in Togo, the official language is French. Togo is home to at least 37 tribal groups (WOW!). Most people in Togo are known for being very generous and friendly. ** Togan Economy: ** -based on a few export products. -vulnerable to periodic droughts & is hindered by scarity of improvements of natural and finanicial rescources. - basic food crops  -cassava, yams, sorghum, maize(corn), rice & beans. - principal export crops  -cocoa beans, coffee, & cotton. -trees are often cut down for fuel. ** Climatic Zones: ** Tropical -South is hot and humid with peak rain periods in May, June and October. -North is less humid and has a greater range of daily tempertures & annual rainfall is may through October. ** The People of Togo: ** -Life Expectancy   -Male: 51 years old   -Female: 54 years old -Religion  -Animst: 33%   -Christian: 47.1%  -Muslim: 13.7% -Other: 6.1% -Literacy (as of 2006) -Male: 70% -Female: 44% **Government:** -Republic -Constitution adopted in 1992 -Subdivisons: -30 perfectures -Won independence on April 27, 1960 from French-administered UN trusteeship. -Voting Rights: -Universal adult -Independence Day is April 27th. *Principal Togo Government Officials!* -President-Faure Gnassingbe -Prime Minister-Gilbert Fossoun Houngbo -Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation-Eliot Ohin -Minister of Territorial Administration, Decentralization, and Local Authorities-Pascal Bodjona -Minister of Justice-Kokou Tozoun -Minister of State; Minister of Health-Komlan Mally -Minister of Security and Civil Protection-Atcha Titikpina -Minister of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and Fishing-Kossi Messan Ewovor *The Next Elections for the Local Togan Goverment will be held in the year 2010 and the elections for Legistlative will be held in the year 2011. **Foreign Relations:** - active foreign policy plan - strong ties with France and Germany - is active in West African regional affairs and African Union. - re-established ties with Israel in 1987 - the relations between Togo and many other of Africa are on very good terms - the relatons between the U.S and Togo are good since their independence -exports from U.S to Togo - rice - wheat - shoes - tobacco porducts - used clothing and scrap textiles

The flag of Togo was officially adopted on April 27th, 1960. The red square in the left corner stands for the loyalty and the patriotism of the people towards their country. Then the green stripes represent hope, fertility and agriculture. But last but not least, the yellow stripes represent countrys mineral wealth and the faith, hard work and strength that will bring prosperity in the lives of the Togan people. The white star in the red square represents purity, dignity and peace.
 * The Flag of Togo:**

***//H//**//ail to thee, land of our forefathers// //Thou who made them strong,// // Peaceful and happy, // // Men who for posterity // // Cultivated virtue and bravery. // // Even if tyrants shall come, // // Thy heart yearns towards freedom. // // Togo arise! Let us struggle without faltering. // // Victory or death, but dignity. // // God almighty, // // Thou alone hast made Togo prosper. // //People of Togo arise! Let us build the nation.//*
 * THE NATIONAL ANTHEM**

**Timeline**
from- news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1067813.stm **1960** - Independence. aced by Nicolas Grunitzky. **2003** July - President Eyadema reinstates Koffi Sama as prime minister. A unity government is announced but the main opposition parties are not included.
 * 1961** - Sylvanus Olympio electedl as first president.
 * 1963** - Olympio assassinated, rep
 * 1967** - Gnassingbe Eyadema seizes power in bloodless coup, political parties dissolved.
 * 1974** - Phosphate industry nationalised.
 * 1979** - Eyadema, standing as sole candidate, elected as president in first parliamentary polls since 1967, under constitution entrenching civilian, one-party rule.
 * 1985** - Series of bombings in Lome.
 * 1985** - Coup attempt, French troops come to government's assistance. Togo accuses Ghana and Burkina Faso of involvement. Togo's frontier with Ghana shut until 1985
 * 1986** - Exiled opposition leader Gilchrist Olympio sentenced to death in absentia for complicity in 1985 coup attempt.
 * 1986** - Eyadema re-elected.
 * 1991** - Strikes, demonstrations. Eyadema agrees to split power with transitional adminstration pending elections.
 * 1992** - New constitution approved.
 * 1993** - Eyadema dissolves government, sparking protests and fatal clashes with police. Thousands flee to neighbouring states.
 * 1993** - France, Germany, US suspend aid to press for democratic reforms.
 * 1998** - Eyadema re-elected.
 * 2000** March - UN report alleges that presidents Blaise Compaore of Burkina Faso and Gnassingbe Eyadema of Togo helped the Angolan rebel group Unita get arms and fuel in exchange for diamonds. Both countries deny the accusations.
 * 2001** February - UN-OAUl inquiry into allegations of summary executions and torture in Togo concludes there were systematic violations of human rights after 1998 presidential election.
 * 2001** August - Opposition leader Yawovi Agboyibo is jailed for six months for libelling the prime minister. Demonstrators take to the streets.
 * 2002** December - Parliament alters the constitution, removing a clause which would have barred President Eyadema from seeking a third term in 2003.
 * 2003** June - Eyadema re-elected. Prime Minister Koffi Sama and his government resign.
 * 2003** June - Eyadema re-elected. Prime Minister Koffi Sama and his government resign.
 * 2003** September - Togo sends 150 soldiers to Liberia to bolster a West African peacekeeping force.
 * 2004** November - European Union restores partial diplomatic relations. Ties were broken in 1993 over violence and democratic shortcomings.
 * 2005** February - President Gnassingbe Eyadema dies, aged 69. The military appoints his son Faure as president in a move condemned as a coup. Under international pressure Faure stands down and agrees to hold presidential elections.
 * Faure Gnassingbe elected**
 * 2005** April - Faure Gnassingbe wins presidential elections which the opposition condemns as rigged. The vote is followed by deadly street violence between rival supporters. The UN later estimates that 400-500 people were killed...
 * 2006** August - Government and opposition sign an accord providing for the participation of opposition parties in a transitional government.
 * 2007** October - Ruling Rally of the Togolese People party wins parliamentary election. International observers declare the poll free and fair.
 * 2007** November - The European Union restores full economic cooperation after a 14-year suspension, citing Togo's successful multi-party elections.
 * 2008** September - Former UN official Gilbert Houngbo appointed prime minister with support of governing Rally of the Togolese People.
 * 2009** April - President Gnassingbe's half-brother and former Defence Minister Kpatcha Gnassingbe and several army officers are arrested in connection with an alleged coup plot against the president.
 * 2009** June - Togo abolishes death penalty.
 * 2010** January - Togo quits African Cup of Nations football tournament in Angola after an attack on its team bus kills two officials.
 * Works Cited** **[]**  **[|en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togo]**  **[]**  **[]**       