Sao+Tome+and+Principe-+Christina+Cranmer

=Sao Tome and Principe = 


 * Background: **Sao Tome and Principe was discover by Portugal in the late 15 century. In the 19 th century the country gave a way to coffee and cocoa due to much sugar provided from the islands. All was grown on a plantation and they did use slave labor, which went into the 20th century. They were independent until 1975, and then democratic reforms were insulted in the late 1980s.

**Location: ** Sao Tome and Principe is located in western Africa in the Gulf of Guinea, right above the equator.     **Area: ** The total land size is 964 square kilometers.     <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #ffff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Climate: ** The climate is tropical; hot, humid, and it rains sometimes throughout the year. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #00ff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Terrain: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> The terrain of this country mostly consists of Volcanic and Mountainous <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Natural Resources **: <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #00f9ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Land Use: ** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Environmental Issues: ** Soil erosion and exhaustion. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Agriculture Products: **
 * Fish
 * Hydro power
 * Arable land- 8.33%
 * Permanent Crops- 48.96%
 * Other-42.71%
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Cocoa
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Coconuts
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Palm Kernels
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Copra
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Cinnamon
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Pepper
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Coffee
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Bananas
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Papayas
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Beans
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Poultry
 * Fish

<span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Exports (commodities): ** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">**<span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Industries: ** <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Imports: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Machinery and electrical equipment
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Food products
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Petroleum products
 * Cocoa
 * Copra
 * Coffee
 * Palm Oil
 * Light Construction
 * Textiles
 * Soap
 * Beer
 * Fish Processing
 * Timber
 * <span style="color: #000080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Flag: ** Green and yellow strips with two black stars. There also is a red triangle which represents struggle for independence and the two black stars represent the two islands. <span style="display: block; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">


 * <span style="color: #00ff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Population: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> 212, 679 is the current population in Sao Tome and Principe.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">The growth rate is 3.093%
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Birth rate is 38.54/ 1,000 population.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Death rate is 5.8/ 1,000 population.


 * <span style="color: #808080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Life expectancy: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Total population 68 years old.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Male- 66 years of age
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Female- 70 years of age

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> -Male: 99.2% <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> -Female: 77.9%
 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Literacy: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Over the age of 15 are able to read and write.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Total Population- 84.9%


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Map: **


 * <span style="color: #00ffff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Suffrage: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> The suffrage is 18 years old and it's universal.


 * <span style="color: #008000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Language: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Portuguese is the official language.


 * <span style="color: #ffff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Education: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Not a very well developed education system; lack of classrooms, teachers, materials, textbooks, and community involvement in school planning/ managing.


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Ethnic groups: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Mestico, Angolares, Forros, Servicais/Tongas, European.


 * <span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Independence: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> from Portugal was July 12, 1975.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Constitution was improved in March of 1990.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Principe has had a self government since April 29, 1995


 * <span style="color: #008080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Religion: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Mostly Roman Catholic; it was introduced by the Portuguese in the late 15th Century.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Catholic
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Evangelical
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">New Apostolic
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Adventist
 * <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Other


 * <span style="color: #800000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Government Type: ** <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Republic


 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Capital: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Sao Tome


 * <span style="color: #00ff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Leader: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Fradique Bandiera


 * <span style="color: #0000ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Economic Overview: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> The small island of Sao Tome and Principe has been having difficulties with money and being in debt. They have been depending mainly on cocoa. But since there has been a drought and mismanagement they have nothing else to rely on. After being benefited many years with a large sum of money to help get out of debt with, it has not been helping very much. Sao Tome and Principe's Economy has been declining for many years.


 * <span style="color: #ffff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Currency/Exchange Rate: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> The Sao Tome and Principe dollar is called the Dobra.


 * <span style="color: #00f9ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">GDP (per capita): **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> $1,700


 * <span style="color: #ff0000; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Labor Force by Occupation: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;"> Due to shortages of skilled workers; population mainly engaged in agriculture and fishing.


 * <span style="color: #ffff00; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Tourism: **<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">16th Century- The Portuguese colonized Sao Tome and Principe, then brought in slaves for the sugar plantations. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1800s- Sao Tome becomes one of world's major Cocoa producers. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1951- Becomes overseas province of Portugal. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1975- Sao Tome became Independent. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1990- New constitution was established; allowed other opposing parties. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">1991- First multiparty election. <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">2002- New government has been established.
 * <span style="color: #ff00ff; font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Time line: **

<span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">Work Cited: <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tp.html <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">http://online.culturegrams.com/ <span style="font-family: 'Comic Sans MS',cursive;">http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/1465408.stm